Efficacy of sulfonylurea herbicides for broad-spectrum weed control in wet direct-sown summer rice

The efficacy of some potent herbicides of sulfonylurea group in conjunction with other traditional recommended herbicides was studied in wet direct- sown summer rice (Oryza sativa) during the dry season of 2005 and 2006 at Cuttack, Orissa. The major weed flora found during the crop growing season were Echinochloa colona (9.6%), Cyperus difformis (21.9%), Fimbristylis miliacea (19.2%), Sphenochlea zeylanica (23.3%), and Ludwigia parviflora (26.0%) at 30 days after sowing (DAS). Bensulfuron methyl (60 g ha-1) applied at 20 DAS was found to be the most effective herbicide in controlling weeds (weed control efficiency 95.2%) and maximizing rice grain yield (5.82 t ha-1). This was at par with hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS in terms of weed control efficiency and grain yield. Other herbicides of sulfonylurea group viz., pyrazosulfuron ethyl (25 g ha-1) applied at 10 DAS, triasulfuran (9 g ha-1) applied at 7 DAS and Almix (metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl) + 0.2% surfactant (4 g ha-1) applied at 20 DAS also showed good suppression of weeds with weed control efficiency (WCE) 93.4, 91.7 and 88.6%, respectively. Among the traditional recommended herbicides, pretilachlor + safener (750 g ha-1) performed relatively better with WCE 85.0%. There was more than 46% reduction in the grain yield of rice due to competition with weeds in weedy plots


Author : Sanjoy Saha and K.S.Rao