Efficiency of isozyme polymorphism and its relation to expression of heterosis in rice

The present investigation was carried out with the objective to assess the genetic relationships among the fourteen genotypes through biometrical and biochemical approaches. The 14 genotypes were grouped into five clusters by Mahalanobis D2 analysis. Cluster I consisted of ten genotypes, cluster II, III, IV and V consisted of single genotype each viz., ADT 40, CR 1009, HA 891037 and Improved White Ponni, respectively. Number of filled grains per panicle followed by days to 50 per cent flowering contributed the maximum to the genetic divergence. The genotype ACK 198 exhibited greater divergence from CR 1009, CO 43 and ADT 40 with regard to isozyme pattern while with morphological analysis it showed divergence only from CR 1009 and ADT 40 and not from CO 43 with which it grouped in a single cluster. Thus the isozyme markers classified the genotypes with more resolution than the morphological markers. Genetic distances based on isozyme analysis were also correlated with mean performance and heterosis showed that there was no significant correlation between genetic distance and heterosis for any of the biometrical characters