Principal component analysis for selection of heterotic hybrids for yield component traits in mid and mid-early duration rice genotypes
Hybrid rice offers a viable option to increase the yield beyond the level of semi dwarf rice cultivars as improvement in productivity and profitability in rice farming system is required on sustainable basis. Mid and mid early duration group of rice varieties are grown in rich environments with good harvest. Hence, targeting this rice ecology for hybrid cultivation for boosting up the production will be a good approach. Identification of best heterotic hybrids against three best popular varieties of the irrigated rice ecology can be useful to break the yield barrier. In the present study, 31 cross combinations were studied for identification of heterotic combiners. The cross combinations namely Reeta / CR3854, CR3813-2-2-5-1-1 / R261 and Improved Tapaswini / MTU1010 were considered to be best heterotic lines possessing good agro-morphologic traits like yield, fertility, panicle length, panicle number and harvest index using principal component analysis. The cross between Reeta and CR3854 showed highest heterosis for yield manifesting longer panicle, increased panicle number and fertility with more harvest index as compared to the standard checks used. The parental lines of these heterotic hybrids will be useful for conversion to male sterile and restorer lines through marker system to produce marker free F1 hybrids.