A field experiment was conducted, during wet season 2012, to study effects of replacing 25% of nitrogenous fertilizer by brown manuring in direct seeded rice on plant height, effective tiller number, vermcast/m², grain yield, organic carbon content and benefit to cost ratio. The plant height (1.57%), effective tiller number (9.09%), organic carbon content (13.04%) and grain yield (7.91%) were increased in the brown manuring plots as compared to farmers practice. The biomass incorporated in the field (133%) and vermcast/m² (63.26%) was significantly improved in the brown manuring fields indicating better soil health. The benefit to cost ratio was 7.79% more in the brown manuring plots than that of farmers practice. The findings from the present study indicated that use of nitrogenous fertilizer can be reduced up to 25% in the farmers’ field without affecting the economical attributes and saving the precious soil health in the farmer’s fields.